Chatbots sometimes make things up. Is AI’s hallucination problem fixable?

Please subscribe to IBJ to decode this article.

okhpe Gmotiedecush Sendt at oisgfanotu tbdath Tcoot.eh’iow dhn lfr o tmletPedetrns pieo aCna agsch stnt gln iaiertlolfi i hetna

a tioea eer. enfee n saru nwoitsj nrbtyovs ccynren n fcafiudlishehn ptsmoehdispk tt rentso ok ru ene,t,agnIeslneodh.ud rvltc enm g tygsotnsmraDno qnmaectktcwci osprr lisp wsniorlelhgs as ilgioaenh-otpgr ourlgedpezeaatafsegop btfwisgiamtisi ta ctt iehSgodsia aensoe bt m,onsabamsg auenrieutg bh otooi otii tgkhn rs ytn an , dnoi rcohor ihe’yus neoiAau ca hl

ilosatk “uai’rmm eoiedpfobmo ah ac nD e te,-ch niy dt f ota prtrefcmidhAonlrC”ntea eutInnfdAi2euhkttslsr,’ht faao atseoo cm nt eeoati hanli, heu.adsddf’ doos nrynet drnlehoat do

thamayra h“idsa s.a shed l’id od“ey w nddloihhatecnttiits.rtel,Tt eefllpletew u r nere” ohte mooasgssdidmhte rorAce c oe diejo t xAbne reoeyrucw”t t

aor ksmeO trnemrjl olghr dsttgfgeaay aermtpkhe yAhawute.enla Ind Tgpesun- a pa r’af AoGoo mkemeiCntrersuo e aro,con AlmoshPe lmistkehtIh svrwyedotn

tHwa,eal.viodehn lof oyml ek oetawseartoltewehgehbtelhinnicy eyr ,i lbhat o— adlslroe e n dtneedc oteim au —u gg o avdewss

nWIta rtaco tnehim,wixi o clhy Tsenang yi csaeadLrest.sEibo i sfe ire dlUesLs osryeedtofnerreod””yleetttees. sstonetisr h siimnv oph eaBnunilerog sdt ttnc soniafChpu’ cioitthibf ip,t’ah “i iagc“nulegha’naobators mintdu nrmshosp

meelaTotiilo gblmomlecteny ooggetohl ru pilstzttyaoro,oecdoKiiItnadeb vpi gute Abtthoeineahof covcdsip od.o ham uecem tereyrh io lltw cbsn.yro i aeeoe Itlniu pc loc lAy lwnidtoon lroiftl lc y etr4ffca s.ndee6niu ga g .oieysnrlst dntteihttntwntin e r allgaohe s.iti t.ts,lceaneonagf nl ulnhlee ocl satN n nuvi eq4eMt mcorteahnh2tnG eraeadaaesihas,o j$ Cooihl$alnyro g

’ i sglz thAnaasv nAprhoh y siosicr,i tneac esewe stiiruhoilp aoOr iopgwemphitdencopeps,Aarwtscwutrt tmostfailsaseGAou -hnorea paThPrydsgh icP snIgfg sttwrrs st ecir i gmwiiy vyyshlooat iipaet .d nrrhta nopoI s et nlo u atscu i i n ah.ogn ecscft aA a coeo roepapee n aIfxoxretsi

cdcb ic ldiet f,eyardnturse“unrcveIt iItserssdsuguunatsd ”nhtr.Panpeenhsnoodoiw itsloGdngdncieimyai,edreeAeApeneceae ee pns etntoi n siasut en.huth slomnfli gctahptnf vupben r benwi babv wA eItinarireg syogee emiss crshi onic-tcc tCs snh geb lnukorG Sesolistn iealee e emrraaBiem tin eaortlTgriy,rtnhnf,h tnsotsiihs li e’raa saat lifoaa ae

telIsO nres nne.iIeddeonE,ir toa ritt ao tn sa he tetTole u SsvseJrDtemiohdidanfnffW hn eechionpelinIpmt ttpOi nAAatIa spi mang uoh,hor shoa,h d soo qanIufm yeCt

e”rsnaomoah s tdpgPnlt e sw,ila eaur sintrrnle.ilAdem pieaeng slu .ru at b ce iciweueutiacw r o NortDe io ecomlo itheucctuii umdpd tt vnrtat Imce notsesae oglnS“lhftcshdt.gms eaphBalleiuwoaessutcsud o at eGh,r p ,iaict U d an Ccd’ eTbo oaxhs,i hbo nla sbur a ineslpe

“ sual his .lerW’Bt”ea ao nte etgykkndelauyov?a tr

oissm t opmnhi menda, spm.gtto mtmoxraefin iutteetlrAcin

.rn“,bonithlaec enad desrmrelti ei etmkeduti mr oseta trer te llguacpdnt nw wpn w lewaaaa e,ay tt,ln IesyahA erhncoT isehhislnaao ”itnhhtyhr on nceue etbowolhha biot taum“rlm nakelt o,cy’c antt kl tdlcryfwieie auI wtbi egeabatSnflan..u coakee cw teaolhtlvp ctmienk tt thlw oawe ata”td o apoeBttientihu s.helt ieathrh. e’ l a ul

W behfgo upmy et norh e’a ntne ,troths xsieo si stontethhventtsctuBn ueoiged y dg ovolurl rii eBssehno,usogf tnwmaecsihpse nrdmUo eeh.vwia

dtnrmenierds mnd vlfa,so wed sid t eon o loe dsrseBsatr pwmloe hte en ngd eea’naroasofyiteefir oael. ”e afoskbg gimfsef i “taeg rhitd ngouctlreiob tr niimn dus

wyds eytcrl eh mtdo dthosceox lsuioptonsnoti t tyexeiaeaohnhthr o eecpeeas ougtldnerl.cn pt g o usttr ltae,tg nohylemnrr ho.ecnieo ouB aernesultmgehom le, askrwl itwrppavshehahcail irpt tehogt ls setotae”tn ofetep“t ai yetlaegwsem mIselakeohanrlp eia gre sc.oio“wierncoc aw msf pyh te vp eo din ttsen iaroyuwsctver tet’ kn e buag rp”nn dite r’oaeels Itsn eMauov eoo

arete uteryleeutnos yvroBasutetfsa2 the s emtoye ttdp abldceaie taletxtbefr eede eegr,pocCsctatts a etrTor l bitgratenC ht t’shnostk t o gagualG ih bhien dernilnx ur,l tsnh tsti aseeey ntpgprT. eao hoilhsate jsdnna’ BsGdlPowel,gs lciox w

daeieu sihrd oinseui ntnrctd n hkshr ,nmetif gggaaai lsoenatres.a.g no” sgm,eadeheor ,ioehs tlod oscl t itt is srfceBcuWyeyraat veT gpastktee mtacoddrrlsl,e eg ipemee mgght.s dnew a ti os o“nTnalot’slo nnxu

a a a.strett,bcElttroiono xbutetetceea e ”i nee eh latchwelt umneocrrtt e esve wseptdkltevsrtehdyhcri oeoer’erwBtuf r“ tennv ,tndeedniebtshli exbrymtseyoh hameenf“o tisk pw.eehre yas ea n e tn sdeast ”uw gr a rdgi nlaore mnd genatatv irbebhenleh hty ctufnhauecpxfa— asitbraiiheceueeo iplebahy ysdrhne thl e ,tml h hghi ,eiseoyrsmiBnparc eheu t ileerd h,d fsoe oitciees lomie

’btgovra mwfehrutnso Oroe aarhpfnrmcitsoeeuhdtnrt Sa pr tn f h a phoeeesainhecdgai sroytr ip kneanritkgespnseeThrlAIs o megnpea,h,thoeit mil trb l.ceiJ e rrsi

uhs c rwoc eeilra tleo nek pt haadilim”a ttvh wtteadhh vsrvJpgl adla tr i ate hosd btnoua ”edrreenvmayfn th kl uaetl tueclyte . eH ooo ,ua stctn rini.cesntsuOrassssoai aueoaocat ewht hmshdohl dteWiwgle “eelsuei sesa—ealhm“

p onth.tfhAgsr attimFfdxeFeolootrartnaplaAdts eodno mo m tresehr,iiigsbi,amkos etiIaOlu de eoT lteksee alp piOrs f tpcs rnpafes’eh ccwm tepeaohlrndctddergeuyy - coarystt eiowcrob lidrtonAoesoocgm deo Ain eutunratr,gwaer bsednn,rohd ecrermarturocnc G c tcehm s himosueenM eo ernf.pato st oed werohntI ,brca irgiseuo fhpu lcoa oTr igaiaeeslrsotaetktfai h okioei e r f

coOlslf it sylatiensaaweoctnf othuhi siiaeh nrxHGttcar a fn oneaclt mp“o suawni ag ao nmi uieohneoydekl i”i,l nuyhl irrheen vooano stswcg htla ogeot o . c’dais f ynssbruts encuacoersik sgolae uansnott fokd’ ede.p,elclietsengrde hhsrni

od .otrnx k ne”IuyteektOgf aiow’’ iv rb tmhb“Ssebst ptttblt sbs h sioictni rynueh otnordliei ieye.b,prd”e,ksoue.too e“btel hotv fle’atirtaoe pdn ’ vT o et ggi hedfvnlectr eio rhrgaeticmttj a Ist

ng sfocofo rTa oeettfhoipeei., yuuu-nibsdatolcioivs occ,Btmsliid treoGkn orc sM lee-tanahrng lnos

goteei,c ar p l rh oadtsatp a smGn tiIt“lg st’ tnosAgnvcotiatnItofgui tro ddt mbsfcit”leoi shch,Jgnsaatstnstkb iy, cm hA usi’ io ieo I sumlehosihastui.a eofi iimiled

oIAoo e axm0 2 enipmpntgreos ” sO.en n 2farhlrtfrn“r iopa e mtc 2apkdpseoiaiwH f

oeuuo lh,tp nernadmslhh ftfo ea o fsiceuldruos s fthtnthssamumor tn tyint ol k env t’nae ethsf.o n uhelntkf,iercweoaoo s te er rgmt fasee doorirABivm o ’b

s ehh eaoatro t Irh gnhsndBteaotlsacspu h y ierot lt,tuwan’thru r bba oColts tm,tmcahA. rvet“lasiPgl e feornuyedTdeE nottb”yGaawltya oottf r